Kotlin1.3版本的协程

知音小助手技术分享 2019年11月16日

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协程的开发人员 Roman Elizarov 是这样描述协程的：协程就像非常轻量级的线程。线程是由系统调度的，线程切换或线程阻塞的开销都比较大。而协程依赖于线程，但是协程挂起时不需要阻塞线程，几乎是无代价的，协程是由开发者控制的。所以协程也像用户态的线程，非常轻量级，一个线程中可以创建任意个协程。

使用Kotlin的协程

添加依赖：coroutines库在Kotlin1.3版本的时候已经升级为稳定版，命名为1.0.0，目前最新版是1.0.1

1implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.0.0'

也可以添加Android的依赖：

1implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-android:1.0.0'

开启协程的方法：

GlobalScope.launch

 1 fun main(args: Array<String>) {
 2     GlobalScope.launch {
 3         // 非阻塞线程1s
 4         delay(1000L)
 5         println("This is a coroutines ¨E123ETimeUtil.getTimeDetail()¨E125E")E125E//阻塞线程2s，保证JVM存活，协程可正常执行完Thread.sleep(2000L)println("mainend{TimeUtil.getTimeDetail()}")
 6     }
 7     // 阻塞线程2s，保证JVM存活，协程可正常执行完
 8     Thread.sleep(2000L)
 9     println("main end <span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E123<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">T<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">U<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l.<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">g<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">T<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">D<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l()¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E125<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E"<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E//<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">阻<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">塞<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">线<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">程2<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit 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inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">存<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">活<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">，<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">协<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">程<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">可<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">正<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">常<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">执<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">行<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">完<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">T<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">h<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">d.<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p(2000<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">L)<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n("<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">d{TimeUtil.getTimeDetail()}")
10 }
11
12 // 输出
13 // This is a coroutines 10:49:58
14 // main end 10:49:59
15</span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.22222em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.09618em;"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true">

在线程环境中可直接使用CoroutineScope.launch启动一个新的协程，它的参数有如下三个，分别为：

context: CoroutineContext = EmptyCoroutineContext：协程上下文
start: CoroutineStart = CoroutineStart.DEFAULT：启动模式，默认是DEAFAULT，也就是创建就启动；还有一个是LAZY，意思是等你需要它的时候，再调用启动。在Kotlin 1.3版本中，还有ATOMIC和UNDISPATCHED两个额外的模式，但是现在还是实验版，这里不多介绍。
block: suspend CoroutineScope.() -> Unit：闭包参数，定义协程内需要执行的操作。

返回值为Job对象。Job有如下几个重要的方法，分别为：

job.start()可配合LAZY启动一个协程

 1  fun main(args: Array<String>){
 2      val job = GlobalScope.launch(start = CoroutineStart.LAZY) {
 3          println("this is a job")
 4      }
 5      job.start()
 6      Thread.sleep(1000L)
 7  }
 8
 9  // 输出
10  // this is a job

job.join()等待协程执行完毕

1  suspend fun main(args: Array<String>){
2      val job = GlobalScope.launch {
3          println("this is a job")
4      }
5      job.join()
6  }
7
8  // 输出
9  // this is a job

注意：join()函数是一个挂起函数，所有main必须被suspend修饰。

job.cancel()取消一个协程

1  suspend fun main(args: Array<String>){
2      val job = GlobalScope.launch {
3          println("this is a job")
4      }
5      job.cancel()
6      job.join()
7  }
8
9  // 无输出，协程被取消了

job.cancelAndJoin()等待协程执行完毕然后再取消
```
1  suspend fun main(args: Array<String>){
2      val job = GlobalScope.launch {
3          println("this is a job")
4      }
5      job.cancelAndJoin()
6  }
7
8  // 输出
9  // this is a job
```
job.cancelAndJoin()也是一个挂起函数。

从上面的代码和输出可以看到，协程中的输出和main中的输出只相差了1s，也就说明了为什么delay(1000L)是非阻塞的。delay()函数类似于Thread.sleep()，但是它不阻塞（non-blocking）线程，它是一个被suspend修饰的挂起函数，挂起函数只能被挂起函数调用或协程中调用。

GlobalScope.async

 1suspend fun main(args: Array<String>) {
 2   val deferred = GlobalScope.async {
 3       delay(1000L)
 4       println("This is async ¨E123ETimeUtil.getTimeDetail()¨E125E")return@async"taonce"E125Eprintln("mainstart{TimeUtil.getTimeDetail()}")
 5       return@async "taonce"
 6   }
 7   println("main start <span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E123<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">T<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">U<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l.<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">g<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">T<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">D<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l()¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E125<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E"<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">u<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n@<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">y<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">c"<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">o<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">c<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e"<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n"<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t{TimeUtil.getTimeDetail()}")
 8   val result = deferred.await()
 9   println("async result is result")println("mainendresult")
10   println("main end <span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">u<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t"<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n"<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">d{TimeUtil.getTimeDetail()}")
11}
12// 输出
13// main start 15:27:19:668
14// This is async 15:27:20:652
15// async result is taonce
16// main end 15:27:20:657
17</span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true">

async和launch参数是一模一样的，不同的是async返回的是Deferred对象，它继承了Job接口，所以说Job有的它都有，并且还额外增加了一个方法：

public suspend fun await(): T这个方法接收的是async闭包中返回的值。如果闭包中需要返回一个值那么我们就需要考虑用async了。

runBlocking

runBlocking的最大特点就是它的delay()可以阻塞当前的线程，和Thread.sleep()有着相同的效果，看下面代码：

 1 fun main(args: Array<String>) {
 2     runBlocking {
 3         // 阻塞1s
 4         delay(1000L)
 5         println("This is a coroutines ¨E123ETimeUtil.getTimeDetail()¨E125E")E125E//阻塞2sThread.sleep(2000L)println("mainend{TimeUtil.getTimeDetail()}")
 6     }
 7     // 阻塞2s
 8     Thread.sleep(2000L)
 9     println("main end <span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;"><span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E123<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">T<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">U<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l.<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">g<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">T<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">D<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l()¨<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E125<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E"<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">E//<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">阻<span class="mord cjk_fallback" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">塞2<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">T<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">h<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">d.<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">s<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p(2000<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">L)<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">p<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">r<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">t<span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">l<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n("<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">m<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">a<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">i<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">e<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">n<span class="mord mathit" style="font-size: inherit;color: inherit;line-height: inherit;overflow-wrap: inherit !important;word-break: inherit !important;">d{TimeUtil.getTimeDetail()}")
10 }
11 // 输出
12 // This is a coroutines 11:00:51
13 // main end 11:00:53
14</span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord cjk_fallback"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.02778em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.03588em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.01968em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.10903em;"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.13889em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span class="strut" style="height:1em;vertical-align:-0.25em;"></span class="katex-html" aria-hidden="true">

乍一看，这不和上面的launch一样么，只是替换成了runBlocking而已，但是大家可以仔细看一看输出，两次输出之间的时间差为2s，也就是说runBlocking中的delay(1000L)确确实实的把当前线程给阻塞了，让当前线程也睡眠了1s。而通过launch开启的协程中却不是如此，这就是二者的不同之处之一。

所以我们一般用runBlocking来桥接普通阻塞代码和挂起风格的非阻塞代码，在runBlocking闭包里面启动另外的协程。

实际运用

就拿最常用的网络请求为例吧，如果我们不用Kotlin的协程来实现，我们可以用Thred、RxJava等等很多种方法，那么我们来看看协程是怎么实现的吧。

 1class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
 2
 3    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
 4        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
 5        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
 6        coroutine.setOnClickListener { click() }
 7    }
 8
 9    private fun click() = runBlocking {
10        GlobalScope.launch(Dispatchers.Main) {
11            coroutine.text = GlobalScope.async(Dispatchers.IO) {
12                // 比如进行了网络请求
13                // 放回了请求后的结构
14                return@async "main"
15            }.await()
16        }
17    }
18}

用Async()在IO线程中去执行网络请求，然后通过await()返回请求结果，用launch()在主线程中更新UI就行了。

其中我们用了Dispatchers来指定协程所在的线程，目前Dispatchers有三种：Main、IO、Default

Default：如果没有指定具体的Dispatchers都会使用默认的，它使用的是最大的线程数。
IO：用来调度阻塞的协程
Main：就是常说的UI线程了，是Android特有的。

协程的知识点还有很多很多，这里只能带大家简单了解一下稳定版的coroutines，想要了解更多大家可以去Kotlin中文文档详细学习。下面贴出中文文档地址。

https://www.kotlincn.net/docs/reference/coroutines/basics.html

写在最后

每个人不是天生就强大,你若不努力,如何证明自己,加油!

Thank You!

--Taonce

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原文始发于微信公众号（Taonce）：Kotlin1.3版本的协程

Android(26)java(553)Kotlin(26)

上一篇：使用Kotlin对RecycleView的Adapter进行封装下一篇：Android中使用Socket进行TCP通信

Kotlin1.3版本的协程

使用Kotlin的协程

开启协程的方法：

实际运用

写在最后

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